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ENDNOTES

step one ‘ London widowhood revisited: the fresh refuse off female remarriage regarding the seventeenth and you can very early eighteenth years ‘, Continuity and alter 5 ( 1990 ), 323 –55.CrossRefGoogle Beginner

3 Wrigley , E. A beneficial. and Schofield , R. , The people reputation for England, 1541–1871: a repair ( London area , 1981 ), Indonesia mujeres 258 –9Google Scholar ; Todd , Barbara J. , ‘The newest remarrying widow: a stereotype reconsidered’, when you look at the Earlier in the day , M. ed., Ladies in English society, 1500–1800 ( London area , 1985 ), 54 – 92 .Bing Scholar

cuatro Brodsky , Vivien , ‘Widows into the later Elizabethan London area: reily orientations’, from inside the Bonfield , L. , Smith , R. and you can Wrightson , K. eds., The world we have gathered ( Oxford , 1986 ), 122 –54.Bing Beginner

5 Neither, we possibly may incorporate, performed money ensure it (anecdotal evidence on the other hand), as well as advised because of the Nancy Adamson’s finding ( ‘Urban families: the latest societal perspective of the London elite group, 1500–1603′ [unpublished Ph.D. thesis, College or university regarding Toronto , 1983 ], 188 –90]Google Pupil , advertised by the Steven Rappaport ( Planets in this worlds: structures out-of lifestyle during the sixteenth-century London [ Cambridge , 1989 ], 40 )Bing Scholar , you to definitely throughout the later on sixteenth century particular 58 % of aldermen’s widows, positively the brand new wealthiest and more than qualified off partners, failed to remarry.

6 Come across Grigg , Susan , ‘ Towards a concept out of remarriage: a situation examination of Newburyport at the beginning of the brand new nineteenth century ‘, Journal from Interdisciplinary Records 8 ( 1977 ), 183 – 220 .CrossRefGoogle Beginner

8 Wilson , Adrian , ‘ Illegitimacy and its ramifications inside the middle-eighteenth-century London: the data of the Foundling Healthcare ‘, Continuity and alter cuatro ( 1989 ), 136 .CrossRefGoogle Pupil

9 ‘ Family and you can kinship: Ryton on the later 16th and early seventeenth years ‘, Records Workshop 10 ( 1980 ), forty-two .Yahoo College student

eleven Ibid. Austen’s log brings understanding of a good generational move. Austen by herself refuted remarriage as infringing their personal and you can economic independence as well as their own honor, while you are meanwhile recognizing one to their particular mom’s remarriage in order to Alderman John Highlord during the early 1640s was actually part of the foundation to have her own success (United kingdom Collection, Include. MS. 4454, fos. 79v, 93, 93v, 105).

several Brand new petition of your widows, from inside the and you can regarding London and you may Westminster to possess a beneficial redress of their grievances , repr. Harleian Miscellany 10 ( London , 1810 ), 170 –5.Bing Scholar

fourteen The fresh new category to the English scene are talked about most widely because of the Linda Woodbridge, in females as well as the English Renaissance: literary works while the character off womankind, 1540–1620 ( Urbana , 1986 ).Bing Student

fifteen The words finishes ‘we widowes may be restored to the previous joyes of the with plurality from suitors and each and every day expectations of getting good and you will lusty younger husbands, on tranquility in our bodies and rejoycing of our soules, for females (while we will have all of the industry see) desire to real time and you will dye throughout the people out of husbands’.

sixteen To other comparable mock petitions penned in this period and you will after, discover Smith , H. and you will Cardinale , S. , Women and the literature of one’s 17th century: an annotated bibliography ( New york , 1990 ).Yahoo College student

17 Nicholles , A good. , A commentary from , J. , The fresh new arraignment of …female, that has a part for the ‘The fresh happen-baiting of vanity out-of widows’ ( 1615 )Bing Scholar ; Taylor , J. , The new Juniper Lectures ( 1639 ).Yahoo Beginner

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18 MacDonald , Roentgen. A great. , ‘The latest widow: a repeating profile inside the Jacobean and you may Caroline comedy’ (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, School of new Brunswick , 1978 ), step 1 , 75 , 79 .Google Student When i mentioned in ‘This new reples off widows just who selected to not ever marry and you can resisted importunate suitors. Phase widows try universally rich, in order that resource provides nothing guidance for these speculating concerning perceptions of your worst widow.